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1. Federal Features Of The Constitution: The first essential features of a federal system is a written constitution which defines the structure, organization and power of the central as well as state governments, so that the two operate with in the respective spheres without interfering in each other’s jurisdiction The Indian constitution is a written document consisting of about 400 Articles and 10 Schedules. It stands at the top of hierarchy of all laws and all the authorities in India are legal bound to respect it. The constitution is also one of the lengthiest document in comparison with the constitutions of other federations.
2. Rigid Constitution: Another essential feature of a federation is a rigid constitution which can be amended either by the joint action fo the federal on state legislatures or by an independent authorities. The Indian constitution is rigid to a large extent. Those provisions of the constitution which concern the relation between the Federal and state Government as well as the judicial organization of the country can be amended only by the joint action of the Federal and state Governments. These provision not only require two-thirds majority of the two houses of Parliament but also approval by the majority of state legislatures.
3. Division Of Power: Another Feature of a federal on is statutory division of powers between the federal government and the state governments. In contrast to a unitary state where the states draw all the powers from the centre, which reserves the right to with draw them at discretion, the federal governments as well as the states draw their authority from the constitution. How ever, the procedure for the division of powers between the centre and the state is not same every where. For example, in U.S. the constitution enumerates the powers of the centre and leaves the residue to the states. ON the other hand in Canada the constitution contains two list one for the states and the other for the centre. The residue to the states. On the other hand in Canada the constitution contains two list one for the states and the other for the centre The residuary powers are also left in the hands of the centre. The Indian constitution divides the power on the pattern of the Canadian constitution. All the power have been divided into three lists the Union List, the state list and the Concurrent list. The Union List contains ninety seven items of national important such as for reign affairs, defece, inter-state trade, coinage and currency etc. the Federal Government has exclusive power to make laws on these subjects. The state list contains sixty-six items like public order, police, administration of Justice, prisons, public health etc. over. Which the states possess exclusive power to legislate. The concurrent list which contains forty seven items contains item like marriage and divorce, books and printing presses etc. Both the federal governments and the State Governments possess right to legislate of the subjects contained in the Concurrent list How ever, in case of clash between the central and state laws the former prevails. The residuary powers house been vested by the constitution in the central Government.
4. Independent Judiciary:The existence of an independent judiciary is another important feature of the Indian Federal System. The supreme Court of India, which is the highest court in India acts as the guardian of the constitution and co declare any law or order ultra virus if it contravenes any provision of the constitution. The supreme court also ensure that the Federal and state Governments operate with in the Spheres allotted to them by the constitution.
5. Bicameral Legislature: Like other Federations the constitution of India provides for a bicameral Parliament consisting of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. While the Lok Sabha contains representatives directly elected by the people on the basis of universal adult Franchise, the Rajya Sabha mainly consists of representatives of the states. Thus the constitution maintains a balance between direct representation of the people and it representation of the units.
6. Supremacy Of The Constitution: The supremacy of the constitution, another features of federalism, is also present in India. The Constitution, another feature of federalism, is also present in India. The constitution of India stand at the top of the hierarchy of all laws both national and state. The central as well as the state Governments have to operate with in the limits prescribed by the constitution. If they pass any law which does not conform to the constitution, the same can be declared as ultra virus by the supreme court of India.

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Man is the most important part of eco-system as well as the destroyed of eco-system. Various activities of man has resulted in the destruction of eco-system. The major threats to our eco-system are as follows:

1. The destruction of tropical rain-forests.
2. Establishment of petro-chemical industries with their production of poisonous gases, chemicals and other toxic substances.
3. Generation of nuclear power and excessive militarism. The long term solution of these dangers is to look for self-sustaining life supports systems. Due to these threats to the eco-system, the ecological crisis may take place. The ecologic crisis refers to the disruption in the natural balance between living organisms and their surrounding by the activities of man. Man has acted as an interventionist and disrupted the natural balance between the living organisms and their physical surrounding. This has resulted in several crises.
4. If the economic crises takes place then first there is danger from harmful poisnous chemicals and pesticides. The rapid growth of industries may lead to increasing accumulation of carbon-decide in the atmosphere which may lead to the global warming.
5. Environment degradation and environmental adulteration would take place in very high manner.